REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY Essay

REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY - Essay Example Therefore, economic efficiency entails producing the right (allocative) amount in the proper manner (productive efficiency). Distributional-justice means the distribution of impacts between known societal cohorts such as the rich or the poor, those owning cars and those without. It focuses on the minimization of the segregation or discrimination of each group based on classes in order to ascertain equity (McIntosh, 2004). In this essay, the researcher seeks to investigate and uncover the reasons behind the contradiction between the conventional economic efficiency frameworks in Europe by argument for and against the proportion that in Europe, economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town, while environmental and distributional-justice considerations often indicate that retailing should remain within the urban area / town centre. Europe’s economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town. Urban planning policy makers in Europe have shifted their attention to advice owners of large shopping centers to diversify off-cities. The urban planners advocate for such a strategy in order to ensure resource efficiency based on the utilization of the limited resources in a more sustainable manner. Such a strategy points towards the EU’s vision pushing for the economic growth while respecting scarcity of resources and planetary boundaries. The proponents of such strategies hold that economic efficiency is only achievable through ensuring both allocative and productive efficiency. Millions of Companies and consumers need to transform their production and consumption frameworks. Such transformation are feasible through a harmonious interactions of policy, investment, financing and innovation. The EU†s 2020 growth strategy projects a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. A Roadmap to a resource-efficient Europe is the blueprint (Committee on spatial development,

Whether or not trayvons martin case was justifed correctly Essay

Whether or not trayvons martin case was justifed correctly - Essay Example The case may involve issues on race (Jefferson, 9). Eighty seven percent of the African Americans say that there was no justice in the ruling; amongst whites, only 33 percent support the African Americans’ claims. A thin majority of about 51% of the whites endorse that the verdict was innocent in the trial whereas African Americans strongly disapprove the claims. Only a small percentage of the African Americans approve the claims by the whites. On the public views, there is also a follower tinge. Amongst thirty percent of the republicans, disapprove the verdict while seventy percent of them approve the verdict. Instead of focusing on the skin color people should focus on hearts (Anthology 15). In reference to the criminal justice system, a total number of 86 percent among the African Americans claim that blacks among many minorities get unequal treatment in the law; only 41percent by the whites make such claims whereas the other 54% claim that there is equality for the marginal groups. Less than 40% of jailed people are ethnic and racial minorities (Birzer 27). Eighty-one percent of the African Americans claim that the federal government should observe the civil rights defiance and charge Zimmerman in a federal court. Fifty percent of the whites oppose such charges, whereas 27percent of them agree to the charges showing the presence of White supremacy in action (Yancy and Jones 9). Sixty percent of the Hispanics claim that blacks among other marginal groups fail to receive fair treatments like the whites do and a ratio of two to one disapproves the ruling. Martin weighed ten pounds lighter, but six inches taller than the Hispanic who put Trayvon’s life to an end (Anthology 1). It was at night during the shooting and Martin was on his way home when he saw a vehicle behind him, which followed him for some time. Martin ran away to the backyards sidewalks from the street sidewalks (Jefferson 5).