Ban Tobacco Advertising Is The Right Move - 909 Words

Introduction In 2001, the Government of India proposed a bill that would place a ban on tobacco ads to discourage the use of tobacco products among the teenagers. This decision gave rise to a huge debate about the ethical responsibility of the government on the use of tobacco products. In this analytical essay, the arguments of the proponents that are both in favor and opposed to the ban will be summarized, while discussing the conflict of interest that exists among the government and the tobacco companies. Lastly, final thoughts and opinions will be provided of why the Government of India s decision to ban tobacco advertising was the right move. This will be done in light of the case study found at icmrindia.org titled Ban on tobacco Ads by the Government of India†. Those in favor Those in favor put forth the argument that smoking kills millions of people every year and that these figures are on the rise. Furthermore, that animated figures such as that of Joe Camel cigarettes is enticing young children to take up smoking is a huge concern. They also point out the examples of other nations which have deemed it constitutional to place such bans on tobacco advertising. They claim that studies have shown that in these countries the consumption of tobacco products among the younger crowd has dropped. It is also claimed that the ban itself won t hurt the economy because in reality the revenue the government receives from the tobacco industry does not offset the costs itShow MoreRelatedBan Tobacco Advertising Is The Right Move908 Words   |  4 PagesIndia proposed a bill that would place a ban on tobacco ads to discourage the use of tobacco products among the teenagers. This decision gave rise to a huge debate about the ethical responsibility of the government on the use of tobacco products. In this analytical essay, the arguments of the proponents that are both in favor and opposed to the ban will be summarized, while discussing the conflict of interest that exists among the government and the tobacco companies. Lastly, final thoughts and opinionsRead MoreTobacco Advertising And The Indian Government997 Words   |  4 PagesTobacco Advertising and the Indian Government An Analysis of the Case Study In February of 2001, India joined many developed nations in a long-held and ongoing debate; that of the ethical responsibility of government in regards to the advertising of tobacco products. By 2001 many other nations had already decided to either place bans on or strongly restrict the advertising of tobacco products in an attempt to curb usage and thereby avoid the ill health effects associated with the product. While theRead MoreIndia s Ban On Tobacco Advertising849 Words   |  4 PagesIndia in 2001 proposed a ban on tobacco advertisement in an effort to curb tobacco use with adolescents. It was met with sharp criticism from the tobacco industry. However, some saw it as a great move by the government in looking after the welfare of its citizens. I hope to explore in the essay each side’s voice as well as deal with the myriad of issues the government faced upon the bans proposal. Lastly I will give my opinion on what position the government should take. One the main argume nts forRead MoreThe Ban On Tobacco Advertisements977 Words   |  4 Pagesneed ethical and commercial considerations. The ban on tobacco advertisements in India is no exception as India is a country which preserves its ethics but at the same time wants to develop. Those in favour of the ban supported it as follows; As to discourage adolescents from taking up smoking; since the advertising agents put up slick and colorful adverts which make smoking to be deemed as cool by the youths, so the government and some human rights watch dogs will try to protect the youngstersRead MoreBan Of Ban On Tobacco988 Words   |  4 Pages Those in favor of the ban on tobacco advertisements and sponsoring of cultural and sporting events in India noted that they were not the first country to be taking these steps. In fact, many European countries had previously invoked bans on tobacco beginning decades before. In both Belgium and France the ban was deemed to be constitutional as the main motivator behind this ban was public health, and not necessarily the desire to stop the tobacco industry from partaking in trade. BeyondRead MoreEssay On Cigarettes Should Be Banned707 Words   |  3 Pagesessence of restricting or completely banning cigarette advertising to reduce the number of affected individual s. Cigarettes have since time immemorial been established to cause a wide range of infections and diseases. The most common disease caused by cigarettes is cancer and since the drug affects smokers and non-smokers as well, there has been a widespread call to illegalize cigarette advertising. The rationale behind banning cigarette advertising is to reduce the influence that adverts have on youngRead MoreShould Smoking Be Banned?845 Words   |  4 Pagesthe habit, it is unsurprising the ban has caused such wide controversy. Without hesitation, I add my voice to the chorus of non-smokers who think this ban goes too far. However, I am not saying that smoking is in any way good as I am extremely aware of the gruesome health risks and unattractive photos of black lungs and lopsided livers that litter the media. I just ask of you Britain; can’t you be content with how far we have come? We have banned Tobacco advertising and sponsorship, banned smokingRead MoreFederal Restrictions a nd Guidelines in Smoking and Politics by A. Lee Frischlet and James M. Hoelfer1314 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrative agencies which are unable to plan for the future. Perhaps, Lowi was right, and thats why agency regulation is retro-active as opposed to pro-active. Despite this harsh criticism, administrative branches have forged ahead tackling tough issues. In, Smoking and Politics, authors A. Lee Frischlet and James M. Hoelfer examine the federal restrictions and guidelines brought forth my government agencies on corporate tobacco. Through this examination one is able to see the inter-workings of administrativeRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1349 Words   |  6 Pagesabout advertising ethics. Advertising is practically unavoidable in today s world, we see it in the streets, shops, magazines, television, on the internet, hear it on the radio. In this essay I will describe two ethical issues in advertising, show why business leaders need to remember to launch ethical campaigns and also have and look into some examples from the business world. To understand what ethical advertising is we must familiarise ourselves with the terms ethics and advertising. EthicsRead MoreMarketing Case Study4206 Words   |  17 PagesCASE 4ïš º6 Making Socially Responsible and Ethical Strategic decisions move a company toward its stated goals and perceived success. Strategic decisions also reï ¬â€šect the ï ¬ rm’s social responsibility and the ethical values on which such decisions are made. They reï ¬â€šect what is considered important and what a company wants to achieve. Mark Pastin, writing on the function of ethics in business decisions, observes: There are fundamental principles, or ground rules, by which organizations act. Like the ground

Discuss the Structural (Ist) Functionalist Perspective in...

Question: Discuss the structural (ist) functionalist perspective in sociology. (Your answer should focus on the strengths and weaknesses of functionalist and Marxist perspectives) __________________________________________________________________ The Functionalist perspective has contributed immensely to the structure of society and the understanding of human behaviour in society. It is a based on an analogy between social systems and organic systems and has identified numerous ways which state why social institutions are so important to maintaining order and equilibrium in society. Marxism has also made a valuable impact on the study sociology by emphasising on the nature of conflict present in society and the subsequent impact on†¦show more content†¦The functionalist perspective is useful for understanding social structures and institutions and how they influence behaviour. Many social issues and successes have been linked to social structures. Take for instance the family function of primary socialization which Parsons pointed out as key in society as it internalizes society’s culture in an individual as well as structures their personality. For example if a person has committed some sort of heinous cr ime, investigators would usually look at their family life to determine how much it would have influences the person to commit such an act. Functionalism also portrays the link between social institutions such as the family, education and the economy. With proper socialisation from the family the individual enters the education system and subsequently would be positive addition to the workplace and by extension the economy. However, functionalism has come under various criticisms. The Marxists state that Functionalism over emphasises consensus and the harmonious nature of society while overlooking dysfunctions such as conflicts of interests. It is also believed to be too ethnocentric as it views society from a middle class position. Critics state that functionalism is too theological meaning that parts of a system exist because of their beneficial consequences for the system as a whole. Another accusation that functionalism falls under is

An Innovative Idea of Tourism Industryâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Innovative Idea of Tourism Industry? Answer: Introduction Tourism sector is considered to be one of the most promising sectors in Australia. In the financial year 2013-14, the tourism sector in the country employed 530,000 people creating highest employment. The tourism sector is identified as one of the five sectors posed for super growth and it is projected to contribute $250 billion to the economy of the country (Gassmann, Enkel, Chesbrough, 2010). This ambitious growth of the tourism sector needs to be supported by an innovative idea of tourism industry. This report explains the creative process, discussion on the tools used to generate ideas, the innovation component, type of innoand H process. It also covered uniqueness value creation aspect of the product. The creative process The creative process is first step in developing new ideas and it has different stages. According to Kaufman, the creative process can be classified into four different stages namely preparation, incubation, illumination and verification (Kaufman, Plucker,. 2011). The preparation is the first stage where an individual gathers knowledge with the help of using brain in terms of reasoning, attention and planning to collect data and information. The incubation is the second stage where an individual rather than thinking on the ideas consistently to let the mind wander to promote better creativity(Hagman, 2013). The illumination is the third stage where an individual actually get the new ideas and experience a high. The verification is the last stage where an individual puts in the creative thinking ability to make the ideas meet the customer requirement. [Source : Kaufman, Plucker,. 2011] In formation of the new idea of Myki card, the individual applied all the four stages namely preparation, incubation, illumination and verification and it helped in evaluating the usefulness of the idea in the tourism sector and helping the visitors to use the Myki as debit card to transact (Hagman, 2013) The tools used to generate ideas The creative process undertaken by an individual can be improved with the help tools used to generate idea. Some of the tools used to improve the new idea include brainstorming, Imagineering and idea box. Brainstorming is a tool used to generate ideas and it promotes lateral thinking to come out with new and innovative ideas in an informal and relaxed environment (Wang, Cosley, Fussell, 2010). It motivates individual to express ideas and thoughts that might be little crazy in the first place. It results in various ideas where some can provide innovative solution to problem while others help to come out with more ideas. Brainstorming aims to explore possibilities and judgment and analysis can act as barrier in idea generation. Thus evaluation should be done after brainstorming session ends. Imagineering is a tool used to generate ideas that helps in setting the direction to make the idea beneficial to the customers (Wang, Cosley, Fussell, 2010). It involves seven steps prologue (nee ds, requirements and constraints), blue sky (generating more number of ideas), concept development (selecting the idea to develop), design, construction and epilogue (opening evaluation and exhibiting quality standard). Idea box is a tool used to generate ideas and it involves specification of the challenge, selection of parameters related with the challenge, list variations and exploiting different combinations. The tools used to generate ideas were useful as it helped to make the creative process more organised and work in a disciplined way to accumulate the different idea and evaluate them in terms of innovative solution it can provide to the tourism sector in terms of improving the business process and facilitating customers in getting better experience (Johnson, Christensen, Kagermann, 2008). In developing the innovative idea for tourism industry, the tool used to generate ideas was brainstorming as it encouraged all types of ideas including some crazy ones with the help of lateral thinking process that helped to beyond conventional thinking process. Select one Idea Myki Card There were different ideas raised during the brainstorming session like connecting with the customers in the comfort of their home using the social media channel to linking the shopping with tourism product. There were other ideas as well related with hospitality products like hotels membership card, off season travel card or EMI facility related with the tourism like paying the holiday package with monthly instalment as applicable to consumer products (Aldebert, Dang, Longhi, 2011). Of the numerous ideas raised in the brainstorming session, some were really great idea but in term of customers and market they were not suitable. All the ideas generated during the brainstorming session were evaluated at the end of the session and the idea that got selected was Myki card. Myki card is similar to the debit card provided by banks and used by the customers. It is card designed to facilitate electronic payment. It is designed for the guest to use during their travel in the public transport in Australia. It is different from the usual debit and credit card as it is developed to be unique serving as keep up card (Aldebert, Dang, Longhi, 2011). The modern tourist travelling to Australia can use the Myki card to pay their fairs while travelling in the public transport in the country and get free from carrying local currency of the country. It makes the free from the foreign exchange problem that plays a significant role in international tourism. The innovative component The innovative component plays a significant role in the creative process and idea generation approach undertaken by an individual. It is related with the types of innovation and they are radical innovation, incremental innovation, diffusion innovation and combination innovation. Radical innovation is also known as disruptive innovation and this kind of innovation has high implication on the market in terms of the financial outcome of the company in that market. Incremental innovation is also known as extension and this kind of innovation is related with the improvement in the performance of existing product, process, service or method (Spadoni, Tariffi Sassolini, 2011). Diffusion innovation is also known as duplication and this kind of innovation is related with two step flow process that focus on the probability of increase or decrease of an innovation or idea in terms of acceptance in the market. Combination innovation is also known as synthesis and this kind of innovation promot ed by company by mix two innovations. The selected idea Myki card can be defined as incremental or extension innovation as it promotes the up gradation of electronic payment system with the help of card used by the daily commuters within the country for transportation. The Myki card will facilitate the tourist travelling to Australia to pay their fair while commuting in the public transport during their vacation in the country (Spadoni, Tariffi Sassolini, 2011). It will overcome the hard cash used in transportation and tourist can be free from carrying foreign exchange. Idea described with Five Ws and H The Five Ws and H is model used in innovation that deals with who, what, where, when, why and how. It explains the Five Ws and H in terms of new idea to understand the effectiveness of the new idea in meeting the company objective and customer satisfaction. In this project it will help to evaluate the Myki and how it impacts the tourism industry and tourist visiting Australia (Chesbrough, 2006). Who Myki card is developed for tourist visiting Australia. What Myki card will act as the debit card for the tourist to make payment. Where - Myki card can be used by tourists in restaurant, cafes and transport. When - Myki card be used at any point of time. Why Myki card reduce the worry of foreign exchange. How Myki card be used by the tourist during their vacation in Australia to make payments. Unique aspect of Myki card Myki card is designed to operate as debit card and facilitate electronic payment on the part of the tourists. The Unique feature is it is used as debit card whereas debit of local country cannot be used in Australia. This kind innovation is new in the tourism industry as there is no such card payment system existing in the country (Chesbrough, 2006). The Myki card is better than competition as customers can be free from foreign exchange problem and carrying hard cash during vacation. It relates to the Tourism and hospitality industry as every service tourist seek is payable and use of Myki card address the problem of cash. Conclusion The new product Myki card developed as part of the creative process by using the tool used to generate ideas namely brainstorming is first of its kind innovative product. The idea was selected after gathering a range of ideas related to tourism industry as explained in the above section. At the end of brainstorming session, the idea of Myki card was selected as it was found to be innovative product for the tourism industry as it creates value for customers in terms of making them travel without carrying cash and overcoming the problem of foreign exchange and money exchange (Johnson, Christensen, Kagermann, 2008). The customers while planning international vacation to countries like Australia always had the problem to arranging the Australian dollars and each country has limitation of the amount one can get from exchange. It was major problem that was faced by customers and the innovative product Myki card will solve the problem and add value to customers. References Aldebert, B., Dang, R. J., Longhi, C. (2011). Innovation in the tourism industry: The case of Tourism@. Tourism management, 32(5), 1204-1213. Chesbrough, H. W. (2006). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business Press. Gassmann, O., Enkel, E., Chesbrough, H. (2010). The future of open innovation. Rd Management, 40(3), 213-221. Hagman, G. (2013). The creative process. Progress in Self Psychology, V. 16: How Responsive Should We Be?, 277. Johnson, M. W., Christensen, C. M., Kagermann, H. (2008). Reinventing your business model. Harvard business review, 86(12), 57-68. Spadoni, F., Tariffi, F., Sassolini, E. (2011). SMARTCITY: Innovative technologies for customized and dynamic multimedia content production for Tourism applications. EVA. Wang, H. C., Cosley, D., Fussell, S. R. (2010, February). Idea expander: supporting group brainstorming with conversationally triggered visual thinking stimuli. In Proceedings of the 2010 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work (pp. 103-106). ACM. Kaufman, J. C., Plucker, J. A. (2011). Intelligence and creativity. The Cambridge handbook of intelligence, 771-783.

Compliance and Public Authority System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Compliance and Public Authority System. Answer: Introduction: The given case attracts the law of Contract prevailing in the United Kingdom, as both of the Companies, that is, Rocktrades and Shifters are based in the United Kingdom. According to the Contract Law of the United Kingdom, there are two types of contract terms- implied and expressed terms of contract[1]. The party making the offer of a contract must state the terms and conditions of contract clearly, without leaving any doubts or ambiguity, which must be understandable and clear to the other party[2]. The law also states that when one party signs a contract it is deemed that he/she has signed the same after carefully going through the whole written contract and such party cannot claim any damages from the other party by reason of not reading the contract before signing[3]. In addition, a contract must contain the elements of a valid contract, including the intention of the parties to form a lawful contract. In the given case, Rocktrades, a Company specializing in transportation of minerals entered into a contract with Shifters, a Company that gives sea going barges on hire, for transportation of minerals form UK to France. Before they signed the contract, Shifters had sent a letter to Rocktrades stating the amount to be paid for hiring the sea going barges and also mentioned the capacity of minerals it can carry in terms of weight. The letter did not state anything about the carrying capacity of the barges in terms of volume. In a meeting, prior to the signing of the contract between the two, Rocktrades had enquired from the representative of Shifters, Sharon, about the carrying capacity in volume. Sharon quoted a figure on the basis of her honest recollection on the ships documents. Rocktrades signed a written agreement, where nothing was mentioned about the volume of goods which the barges can carry. Later on it was found that the volume capacity as quoted by Sharon was wrong and the actual capacity was way less than the figure, quoted by Sharon. Hence, Rocktrades suffered a loss for such wrong quotation. In this case Rocktrades cannot claim damages for the loss on the ground that Sharon misquoted the volume figure and there was a breach of contract by Shifters. It is so because Sharon did not misquote the volume figure with any wrong intention and moreover, there was no mentioning of the volume capacity in the written contract, which was signed by Rocktrades and according to the contract law it is deemed that Rocktrades has signed the agreement after reading it carefully and Rocktrades cannot claim any damages from Shifters in this case as the signed agreement did not contain anything about the specific carrying capacity of the barges in terms of volume[4]. Therefore, in this case, the Rocktrades cannot claim damages from Shifters as according to the contract law, Rocktrades has been deemed to have read the contract carefully and signed it and in the contract there was no mentioning about the volume capacity of the barges, which was the actual reason of the loss that occurred. In the given case, the issue is whether there is any alternative or additional way, by which Rocktrades can claim damages from Shifters. According to the Contract Law a buyer/hiring party/receiving party cannot seek any damages from the seller/hirer/provider as according to the Contract Law there are no remedies for loss due to negligence of the buyer/hiring party/receiving. On the other hand, the law of tort, which is highly applicable in UK, states that the company shall be liable for any wrong act or negligence of an employee, where the act or negligence of an employee causes damage to another[5]. This is also known as vicarious liability. In the given case, as there is no remedy for the damages caused under the Contract law. Rocktrades can seek remedies for the damages from Shifters under the law of tort, in connection to the provisions for negligence of an employee. It is so because in this case, Sharon, the representative of Shifters, gave an estimated figure of the capacity of the barges carrying capacity in terms of volume, when asked by Rocktrades. This estimated figure, stated by Sharon was out of honest recollection. Hence, it was not intentional, but was definitely an act of negligence on the part of Sharon, as Sharon did not take the care to state the correct figure properly, which was her duty to state, being the representative of Shifters. Therefore, as the law of tort states that a company will be liable, if an employee of that company has committed a breach of duty, leading to negligence or any other wrongful acts[6]. Rocktrades can take up actions against Shifters under the law of tort for claiming damag es, as Sharon, Shifters representative, committed negligence in providing Rocktrades with the correct figure of the carrying capacity of the barges in terms of volume, which was one of her duty as the representative[7]. It is also to be mentioned that Shifters is vicariously liable to pay damages to Rocktrades under the law of tort. Therefore, in this case, no remedy is available under the Contract Law and Rocktrades can only seek help of the law of Tort as an alternative, to claim damages for the loss caused by the lack of care by Sharon, the representative of Shifters as Shifters is vicariously liable for the negligent act of Sharon. The rule for international treaties is that it shall be applicable and made mandatory for countries who are parties to it and not for countries who are not parties to it. In countries where it is applicable, the laws of the country must be in accordance with the Treaty provisions and in a situation that calls for the Treatys application, the Treaty provisions must prevail, even though the local law or any law contradicts it[8]. In the given case, Shifters state that the quarrying of minerals Rocktrades is illegal according to the Cliff Heritage Treaty, one of the International Maritime Treaties, as the Treaty was drafted by the International Society for the Preservation of Pretty Coastlines and prohibits the quarrying of minerals to prevent damage of coastlines. The treaty will only apply in UK, if UK is a party to the Treaty and Shifters will not be liable for any payment of damages to Rocktrades, as the business of Rocktrades is illegal according to the Treaty and the contract will become invalid[9]. In this case, as UK is not a party to the Treaty, this Treaty will not be applicable in UK. On the other hand, if the Treaty provisions had been applicable, Shifters and Rocktrades, both would have been held liable for breach of the provisions of the Treaty and the contract would have been completely void[10]. Conclusion: Therefore, in this case, the Treaty will not be applicable as both the Companies belong to UK and UK is not a party to the Treaty. Hence, Shifters can be made liable to pay damages under the provisions of the law of tort for negligence on the part of its employee and in case the Treaty was applicable in UK, then both the Companies would have been liable for breach of law according to the Treaty provisions, making the whole contract void. Bibliography: Bagenstos, Samuel R. "Formalism and Employer Liability Under Title VII."U. Chi. Legal F.(2014): 145. Chamallas, Martha. "Two Very Different Stories: Vicarious Liability Under Tort and Title VII Law."Ohio St. LJ75 (2014): 1315. Chen-Wishart, Mindy.Contract law. Oxford University Press, 2012. Chirelstein, Marvin.Chirelstein's Concepts and Case Analysis in the Law of Contracts, 7th (Concepts and Insights Series). West Academic, 2013. Conrad, Courtenay R., and Emily Hencken Ritter. "Treaties, tenure, and torture: The conflicting domestic effects of international law."The Journal of Politics75.2 (2013): 397-409. Kraska, James, and Raul Pedrozo.International maritime security law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013. McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014. McKendrick, Ewan.Force Majeure and frustration of contract. CRC Press, 2013. Oberdiek, John. "Introduction: Philosophical Foundations of the Law of Torts." (2014). Young, Oran R.Compliance Public Authority: A Theory with International Applications. Routledge, 2013.